UNIV2710 Exam #1 September 21, 2001 NAME_______________________
Sheppard/Smith
Identification. In one or two short sentences, identify the following:
Mitochondrial Eve
The name given to the woman or, more likely, group of women from which all human mitochondrial DNA originated.
Neanderthal
A "cousin" species of humans. It is debated whether they are members of the same species as homo-sapiens. They were more strongly muscled than we are, had prominent brow ridges, and slightly larger brain capacity. They had a tool "kit" that was not as advanced as that of Cro-Magnon and there is evidence that they performed rituals (such as burials). They were contemporaneous with Cro-Magnon in Europe during the last Ice Age.
Cro-Magnon
Ancient man. These are members of our species. They created the prehistoric cave paintings.
Lasceaux
Perhaps the most famous of the prehistoric caves with cave paintings.
Approximately when and where did the human species originate?
Approximately 100,000 - 300,000 years ago (I accepted any date in this range) in Africa
Short essay. In one or two paragraphs answer the following questions. Make sure to incorporate facts and ideas that come from our readings, labs, and class discussions.
In order to receive full credit you needed to have mentioned at least two of the main points listed (with reasonable supporting comments.)
What is a Myth (in terms of a Mythos)? How is a myth different from a
story or fiction?
Main Points:
Some cultural "truth,"
Preserves cultural (and ethical/moral) values,
Attempts to explain the unknown.
Stories and fiction on the other hand are not assumed to be true and do not have the cultural importance of a mythos.
Why would someone claim that the development of agriculture was "the worst
mistake in the history of the human race?"
Main Points:
Longer work hours / more work necessary (to support the necessary agriculture),
More people but less well fed (overpopulation (more people are needed to work the fields) & less varied diets)
Parasitic ruling class (agriculture requires an organizational structure),
Sexual discrimination (actually "greater sexual discrimination": men work the fields, women raise the children),
War (extensive land commitments require protection),