ANNOUNCEMENTS
Lecture
Topic Outline for Unit #1
History of psychopathology
Ancient cultures/modern primitive cultures
The Greco-Roman era
Plato
Divine madness and natural madness
Hippocrates
Completely naturalistic system
The "wandering uterus"
Aesclepiades
acute-chronic
hallucination -illusion-delusion
Galen
Father of neuroanatomy
The (European) Dark Ages --450 -1450 A.D.
Johann Sprenger/ Heinrich Kraemer --
The Malleus Maleficarum
The blend of Christian demonology and Hippocratic
medicine. e.g. treatment for the wandering
uterus.
Johann Weyer and Reginald Scot
The Renaissance
Humanism-plus-science
Humanism ----humanitarian reform
Phillippe Pinel - La Bicetre
Wm. Tuke
Benjamin Rush (Note: John Wesley)
The modern period
Continuing reform
Dorothea Dix and Clifford Beers
The gowth of science
Treponema pallida
Science and Psychopathology
Biological perspectives
Arguments
from known examples
Down's Syndrome (trisomy 21)
Kleinfelter's syndrome
Familial Alzheimer's Disease (also 21)
Arguments from genetic transmission
e.g. mood disorders, panic disorder
human genome project
Arguments from successful biological treatments
electroshock treatment
history
technique
(weak argument)
psychoactive medication treatment
e.g. anti-psychotic medications
(weak argument)
Arguments based on neurotransmitter functions
neuron-synapse-transmitter chemical
"brain circuits"
Serotonergic system
Benzodiazepine-GABA system
Dopaminergic systems
Noradrenergic system
Re-uptake, SRIs and Prozak
Psychosocial perspectives
Psychodynamic approaches (DE-EMPHASIZED)
Psychoanalysts (e.g. Freud)
Neo-analysts (Jung, Adler, Sullivan)
Modern writers (Kohut, Brenner, Mahler)
Behavioristic approaches
Science and objectivity
Preeminence of learning as an explanation
respondent conditioning - Pavlov
operant learning - Skinner
imitative learning - Bandura
information influences
The "third force"
humanism
phenomenology
(atheistic) existentialism
The interpersonal perspective (Sullivan)
Developmental stage theories (Erikson)
The cognitive perspective
Eclecticism
The biopsychosical perspective/ diathesis-stress model
The sociocultural perspective
e.g. eating disorders
Four meanings of the concept of "cause"
Primary - Predisposing - Precipitating - Reinforcing
Classification
Purposes of classification
Misleading use of the term "diagnosis"
History of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manuals
The
Statistical Manual for the Use of Hospitals for
Mental Diseases
The National Committee for Mental Hygiene
The Committee on Nomenclature and Statistics
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders
DSM-I 1952
DSM-II 1968
DSM-III 1980
DSM-III-R 1987
DSM-IV 1994
DSM-IV-TR 2000
DSM-III - present and the multiaxial system
Axis I Mental Disorders
Axis II Personality Disorders
Axis III General Medical Conditions
Axis IV Life Space-Stress
Axis V Global Assessment of Function
Acute - Chronic - Episodic Conditions
The DSM as a product of committees and cultures
e.g. Homosexuality/ Lesbianism
LECTURE
TOPIC OUTLINE FOR UNIT #2
Unit Organization:
Anxiety Disorders
Somatoform Disorders
Dissociative Disorders
Anxiety Disorders
What is anxiety?
A response to danger
The three response-channel concept
Private experience
e.g. fear, apprehension, dread
Bodily manifestations, e.g.
cardiovascular events
gastrointestinal events
respiratory events
musculoskeletal events
genitourinary events
Overt behaviors
escape/avoidance
freezing
"clumsiness"
Discordance-desynchrony
Somatic response patterning
What are the origins of anxiety?
The perspective of evolutionary biology
The perspective of neuroscience/neurobiology
The perspective of dynamic psychiatry
Objective anxiety
Moral Anxiety (guilt)
Neurotic anxiety
The perspective of behavioral psychology
The "three pathways" model
experience (learning/conditioning)
vicarious experience (imitation/modeling)
information/instruction
The perspective of cognitive psychology
Appraisal theories
Diagnoses --
(panic attack criteria)
Panic Disorder
criteria
case(s)
Panic Disorder With Agoraphobia
criteria
case(s)
Agoraphobia Without History of Panic Disorder
criteria
case
Note: Limited Symptom Attacks
Social Phobia
test-, dating-, public speaking anxiety
criteria
"causes"
case(s)
Specific Phobia
criteria
causes
diagnostic subtypes
prevalence
case(s)
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
terminology/description
criteria
case(s)
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
criteria
brief history
Acute Stress Disorder
Brief duration PTSD
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
criteria
case(s)
Somatoform Disorders
What are somatoform disorders?
The concept of "somatization"
A weak/questionable concept?
but
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
criteria
description/prevalence
videotape
(self-assessment if time permits)
Conversion Disorder
description
psychodynamic explanation
organ systems
classic case(s)
criteria
modern case(s)
Hypochondriasis
description
"causes"
criteria
case(s)
Somatization Disorder (Briquet's Syndrome)
history
criteria
DSM III vs. DSM IV
Undifferentiated Somatoform Disorder
case(s)
(Somatoform) Pain Disorder
criteria
Acute Pain Disorder
Case(s)
Factitious Disorder
criteria
code types
Comment on malingering
Dissociative Disorders
The concept of dissociation: examples
A continuum of dissociative phenomena
object/somatic estrangement
personal estrangement/depersonalization
somnambulism
dissociative amnesia
dissociative amnesia with fugue
DID (MPD)
Object estrangement
description
"explanations"
Somatic estrangement
description
Depersonalization Disorder
description
criteria
case(s)
Somnambulism
description
criteria in textbook
somnambulism and brain waves - a history
Dissociative amnesia
concept and criteria
case(s)
Dissociative amnesia with fugue
criteria
case(s)
Dissociative Identity Disorder (multiple personalities)
what is "personality?"
what do we mean when we say someone "has 3 personalities?"
How does DID develop?
trauma
dissociative skill
both
Two classic patterns
The N-person pattern (e.g. Sybil).
The 3 (4?)- person pattern (e.g. Eve)
host -- protector -- child
Amnesia patterns
N-person
3 (4?) person
host -- protector -- child
Triggers
environment/task -- emotional state
several cases and further discussion
