RESPIRATION

  1. Regulation
    1. Establishment of Basic Pattern
      1. Medullary Structures
        • Dorsal Respiratory Group - (Inspiratory Center)
        • Nucleus tractus solitarius
        • Ventral Respiratory Group - (Expiratory Center)
        • Nucleus ambiguous
        • Nucleus retro-ambigualis
        • Botzinger's Complex
      2. Pontine Structures
        • Pneumotaxic Center
        • Apneustic Center
    2. Neuronal Control
      1. Other parts of CNS
        1. Brain
        2. Spinal Cord
      2. Receptors in Lungs
        1. Stretch (Herring Breuer) reflex
        2. Irritant
        3. C-fibers
    3. Humoral Control
      1. Role of arterial 02
      2. Role of arterial CO,
      3. Role of arterial H+
    4. Effect of Exercise
    5. Relationships between vasomotor center and respiratory center
  2. Anatomy
    1. Nose
    2. Pharynx
      1. Nasopharynx
      2. Oropharynx
      3. Laryngopharynx
    3. Larynx
    4. Trachea
    5. Bronchi
    6. Respiratory Unit
    7. Respiratory Membrane

    8. Surfactant
    9. IRDS & ARDS
  3. Mechanics of Ventilation
    1. Pleural membranes
    2. Pressure differences and dynamics
  4. Terminology
  5. Gaseous Exchange
    1. Physical Laws
      1. Dalton's Law
      2. Henry's Law
    2. Exchange
      1. O2
      2. CO2
      3. Factors influencing diffusion
  6. Gaseous Transport
    1. Hemoglobin
      1. Structure
      2. Oxyhemoglobin Disassociation Cuwes
        1. Normals
        2. Factors Effecting
      3. Transport of Oxygen
    2. Transport of CO2
      1. In Solution
      2. Carbaminohemoglobin
      3. Bicarbonate
    3. Integration of CO2/O2 Loading and Unloading
  7. Respiratory Regulation of pH
  8. Red Blood Cell Production
    1. Components of Blood
    2. Erythropoiesis
    3. Cell Types --- Primordial --- Mature
    4. Regulation
    5. Pathology
      1. Anemia
        1. Nutritional
        2. Pernicious
        3. Aplastic
        4. Renal
        5. Hemorrhagic
        6. Hemolytic
      2. Polycythemia
        1. Primary
        2. Secondary
  9. Destruction of RBC's
    1. Iron's Fate
    2. Globulins Fate
    3. Pyrrole Ring's Fate
  10. Pharmacology
    1. Bronchodilators
      1. Metaproterenol (Alupent)
      2. Albuterol (Proventil)(Ventolin)
      3. Ipratropium (Atrovent)
    2. Antihistamines
      1. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
      2. Chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton)
      3. Terfenadine (Seldane)
      4. Methylxanthines (Theophylline)
    3. Expectorants (potassium iodide)
    4. Mucolytics
      1. Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
    5. Antitussive
      1. Codeine
      2. Benzonatate (Tessalon)
    6. Nasal Decongestants
      1. Phenlyephrine (Neosynephrine)
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