PUT NAME ON FRONT AND BACK
PUT ALL ANSWERS ON SCAN SHEET

NAME _____________________________________
SECTION ________________


1. Had as a life goal to record all that was known
A. Galen
B. Aristotle
C. Harvey
D. Hippocrates
E. Bernard


2. First to measure blood pressure
A. Muller
B. Harvey
C. Galvani
D. Lavoisier
E. Hales


3. Reported the presence of lipid as at least one component of membrane
A. Overton
B. Robertson
C. Ludwig
D. All of these
E. A & B


4. Developed the concept of a unit membrane
A. Davson
B. Hess
C. Singer
D. Robertson
E. Capaldi


5. Cell membrane proteins
A. May function as ionic pumps
B. May function as receptors
C. May be converted into IP₃ and diacylgylcerol by phospholipase C
D. All of the above
E. Two of the above


6. Which does not belong with CAMP?
A. G-s
B. Phosphodiesterase
C. Troponin
D. A & C
E. None of these; they all are related to a CAMP system


7. Which does not belong in a calcium modulated mechanism
A. Protein kinase
B. Calmodulin
C. IP₃
D. A & C
E. None of these; they all belong


8. Steroids
A. Generally work via a CAMP mechanism
B. Generally bind to an integral protein receptor
C. Generally bind to a peripheral protein receptor
D. Two of these
E. None of these


9. G-proteins
A. Are integral proteins
B. May play a role in cystic fibrosis
C. May play a role in cholera
D. All of these
E. A & C


10. The largest fluid compartment
A. Is the fluid within the t-tubules
B. Contains a relatively high concentration of Na⁺
C. Contains a net negative charge at "rest"
D. Two of these
E. None of these


11. Causes an unequal distribution of ions
A. Diffusion
B. Presence of large anions inside cell
C. Osmosis
D. Nernst Equation
E. All of these


12. A subtreshold stimulus
A. Would cause an E.P.S.P
B. Would increase K⁺ permeability
C. Would increase the excitability threshold
D. All of these
E. A & C


13. Not a "class" of neurotransmitter
A. Steroids
B. Amino acids
C. Monoamines
D. B & C
E. None


14. The A-band contains
A. Myosin
B. Troponin
Tropomyosin
D. All of these
E. A & C


15. Fiber type(s) which contain(s) myoglobin
A. Type I
B. Type IIa
C. Type IIb
D. A & B
E. B & C


16. Smooth muscle contains
A. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
B. Troponin
C. Tropomyosin
D. All of these
E. None of these


17. Smooth muscle
A. Is "myosin regulated"
B. Contains caveoli
C. Is striated
D. All of these
E. Two of these


18. An efferent neuron
A. Is motor
B. Typically enters the spinal cord in the dorsal horn
C. Is multipolar
D. All of these
E. Two of these


19. Associated with myelin production in the CNS
A. Astroglia
B. Schwann cells
C. Microglia
D. Mylenoglia
E. None of these


20. B fibers (Erlangar) are
A. Always multipolar
B. In visceral pathways
C.Myelinated
D. All of these
E. B & C




Questions 21-23 require the use of the following figure






















21. The relationship between neuron E and neurons F, G, & H is
A. Spacial summation
B. Temporal summation
C. Divergence
D. B & C
E. A & C


22. If neuron C fires an EPSP occurs in neuron E. If neurons C & D fire no change is observed in the resting membrane potential in E. The relationship between neurons D & C is best described as
A. Convergence
B. Presynaptic inhibition
C. Temporal summation
D. Postsynaptic modulation
E. None of these


23. If the excitability threshold of neurons E and H was 10m volts, and if an action potential in excitatory neurons A, B, C, I and E caused a 5 Mv change in their respective post synaptic structures. What would be the subsequent effect of simultaneously stimulating neurons A, B, C, and I on neuron G.
A. An action potential
B. An E.P.S.P
C. An I.P.S.P
D. An R.S.V.P.
E. No change


24. Structure associated with diencephalon
A. Thalamus
B. Mesencephalon
C. Osmoreceptors
D. All of these
E. Two of these


25. Structure of the cerebrum
A. Broca's area
B. Temporal lobe
C. Gyrus
D. All of these
E. Two of these


26. Associated with Parkinson's disease
A. Caudate nucleus
B. Nucleus gracilis
C. Putamen
D. All of these
E. Two of these


27. Food intake is regulated in this part of the brain
A. Thalamus
B. Cerebrum
C. Hypothalamus
D. Pons
E. Cerebellum


28. Involved with vision and/or visual reflexes
A. Occipital lobe
B. Superior colliculi
C. Inferior colleculi
D. A & B
E. A & C


29. The middle meninge
A. Is called the arachnoid matter
B. Produces CSF
C. Only found covering the brain
D. Two of these
E. All of these


30. Connects the fourth ventricle to the subarachnoid space
A. Aqueduct of Sylvius
B. Foramen of Luschka
C. Foramen of Magendie
D. Foramen of Monroe
E. Foramen of George




A = INCREASE OR GREATER THAN
B = DECREASE OR LESS THAN
C= NO EFFECT OR EQUAL TO


31. Effect of Serevent on phophodiestisase activity


32. Effect of phospholipase C on the amount of IP₃


33. Amount of energy required for osmosis as compared to the amount of energy required for carrier facilitated diffusion


34. Size of the intracellular compartment as compared to the site of the intercellular compartment


35. Permeability of a membrane to Na during depolarization as compared to rest


36. Permeability of a membrane to K⁺during repolarization as compared to rest


37. Effect of decreasing extracellular K⁺ on polarity of an excitable membrane


38. Effect of increasing extracellular Ca⁺⁺ on the excitability of membranes


39. Number of telodendria in a neuron supplying a muscle in the back as compared to the number supplying a muscle in the finger


40. Effect of parvalbumin on concentration of free calcium in skeletal muscle fiber


41. Effect of cyanide on glycolysis


42. Number of total neurons as compared to total glial cells


43. Sensitivity of A fibers a local anesthetic as compared to C fibers


44. Likelihood of finding the cerebral peduncles in the rhombencephalon as compared to finding it in the metencephalon.


45. Number of cervical spinal nerves as compared to the number of sacral spinal nerves




Suppose a skeletal muscle is being directly stimulated, and you have recorded the following record representing the force of contraction generated by the muscle




Match the following statements to these choices (choose the best answer)


A. Latency
B. Contraction
C. Relaxation
D. False statement or does not apply
E. A & C


46. Free calcium in cytoplasm; adequate ATP
47. Repolarization
48. Phosphorylation of synapsin
Actin heads bend in
49. Phospholipase C activated
50. Calcium released from T-tubules
51. Thin filament shortens
52. Ryanodine receptors on the T-tubules are activated