Section I
Reading: Guyton - Chap. 1, 2, 4 & p. 296 - 302
I. Introduction & Class Procedures
(See
Handout)
II. Course Objectives
III. The fluid compartments

IV. Major Categories
A.
Intracellular
(I.C.F.)
B.
Extracellular
( E.C.F.)
a) Interstitial
b) Plasma
V. Boundaries & Measurement
VI. Minor Categories
A. Lymph
B. Transcellular
VII. The Cell Membrane - Fluid Mosaic Model
A. Functional
Overview
B. Structure
1. Lipid Component
a. Phospholipids
b. Cholesterol
c. Glycolipids
2. Protein Component
1. Types
a) Integral (Intrinsic)
b) Peripheral (Extrinsic)
2. Functions
3. Glycocalyx
C. Transfer
of Information
1. Direct contact (connexons)
2. Chemical Signals
a)
Relationships
- Autocrine
- Paracrine
- Endocrine
b) Signaling
Molecules
- Amines (Epinephrine)
- Peptides & proteins (cytokines & insulin)
- Steroids (estrogen)
- Small molecules (amino acids, ions, gasses)
c) Effector
- Enzymes
- Channels
- Transport Proteins
- Transcription factors
3.
Receptor Categories
a) Ligand-gated ion channels (Inotropic)
b) G-protein coupled
- Cyclic AMP system
- Phosphoinositide
system
- Arachidonic acid
metabolites
c) Catalytic Receptors
- Tyrosine kinase
d) Integrin Mechanisms
e) Intracellular receptors
D. Transfer
of Materials
1. Passive Transport Mechanisms
a) Simple Diffusion
- through membrane
- through pores
b) Carrier Facilitated Diffusion
c) Osmosis
- isotonic
- hypertonic (plasmolysis) (shrink)
- hypotonic (plasmoptysis)
(swell)
2. Cellular Energy Dependent Transport Processes
a) Primary (Direct)
b) Secondary Active (Sodium Co-transport)
c) Bulk Transport
1. Endocytosis
a) Phagocytosis
b) Pinocytosis
-
Fluid Phase
-
Receptor Mediated
2. Exocytosis
VIII Pathologies
A.
G-Proteins
1. Pituitary giantism and acromegaly
2. Vibrio cholerae
B. Chloride
channels - cystic fibrosis
IX. Applications (Water Balance Shifts)
A. Diarrhea
B. Lost in a dessert
C.
Eating a bag of potato chips
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